Marketing Plan of Nike Essay Example for Free

Marketing Plan of Nike Essay The world has a long, rich history of international trade among nations. Most international trade dates from the prevailing age of mercantilism. However, objecting mercantilism is the common idea of trade philosophies proposed by Adam Smith and David Ricardo. Both of them advocated free international trade. The rule of the zero-of-sum game was the core of mercantilism. One country increased the wealth must cause another one decreased from trade. Only one could be beneficial. They thought exports could bring inflows of wealth from and imports could lead outflows of wealth to other countries. It was this thought that each country encouraged exports and restricted imports. 1? The Classical Trade Theory (1) Theory of Adam Smith: Absolute Advantage Adam Smith set himself against the mercantilism. He advocated free trade and proposed the absolute advantage theory. In his theory, each country had its own advantage for producing goods which other country did not possess. It was this that stimulated countries to participate in the international trade by exerting the absolute advantage to obtain more benefits. Adam Smith made two assumptions: First, trade only existed between two countries. Second, each country produced only two products, one product must have absolute advantage, and the other product must have absolute disadvantage. Therefore, each country should concentrate on producing the product with absolute advantage, and then trade the absolute disadvantage product to the other country with the absolute advantage product. After trading, the disengaged, surplus resources and products of each country could be used completely reasonable. Thus, both countries can be beneficial from the trade, not just one. This pulled down the rule of zero-of-sum game and created the rule of n-of-sum game. Adam Smith’s absolute advantage theory successfully promoted the international trade. However, this theory did not deal with the problem that for both two products, one country had absolute advantages and the other country had absolute disadvantages. (2) Theory of David Ricardo: Comparative Advantage Fortunately, another famous economist David Ricardo succeeded and developed Adam Smith’s theory. Just like Adam Smith, David Ricardo also was an opponent of protectionism for national economies. He created his comparative advantage theory. The theory dealt with the problem that could not be dealt using Adam Smith’s theory. The economic motives and causes international trade. According to Ricardos theory, even if a country has no absolute advantage in any product, the disadvantaged country can still be beneficial from specializing in and exporting the product for which it has the lowest opportunity cost of production. Though the two theories were proposed hundreds of years, they still play important influences on international trade. Each trading country can improve productivity and the world economic is promoted. The two theories will contribute to world prosperity in the future. 2? The Modern Trade Theory Comparative advantage based on opportunity cost forms the basis of modern trade theory. The theory shows that after comparing, when the country decides to produce its advantage product, it needs to give up the other product that can come forth during the period. The benefit form the product it gives up is its opportunity cost. Here I take a simple example to illustrate this theory. The land for planting rice or cotton, the output of rice is 500 kilogram or 100 kilogram of cotton. If we choose to plant rice, the 100 kilogram of cotton we give up is our opportunity cost. Today, the practice of trade among nations is growing by leaps and bounds. There is hardly a person on earth who has not been influenced in some way by the growing trade among nations. The theories stimulate trade between developed and developing countries that avoid the autarky. International trade increases trading countries’ wealth and world output. That is because with trade, the resources are allocated rationally, job opportunity increase, products quality and variety increase and so on.

Great Gatsby Essay :: essays research papers

The Great Gatsby Essay   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In The Great Gatsby, there are three illicit relationships: Gatsby and Daisy, Nick and Jordan, and Tom and Myrtle. In some ways they are similar, and in some ways each is unique. In this essay, I will compare and examine each of the couples, and try to give some insight as to why none of the relationships worked out.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The relationship between Jay Gatsby and Daisy Buchanan was probably the most one sided. The entire time they were apart, all Gatsby did was try to reach his goal, which was Daisy. When you think about somebody but don’t talk to them for a long time, you can build them up to be this perfect person. So when Gatsby and Daisy talked for the first time in years, it was almost like he was talking to a famous movie star. Daisy didn’t feel that way. She used to love him, but not anymore.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Also, if Gatsby and Daisy met under other circumstances, such as each of them having no money and Daisy not being married, their relationship may have worked out. But because of the circumstances, their relationship was doomed to fail.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Of all of the relationships, I think that the most honest was between Nick Carraway and Jordan Baker. This is ironic because it was Jordan’s compulsive dishonesty that ruined the relationship. They weren’t secretly seeing each other behind other people’s backs, they weren’t unfaithful to each other, and they both cared for each other. Nick saw Jordan’s dishonesty as a major flaw in her personality, and he didn’t think she was worth it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Out of all of the relationships, Tom Buchanan and Myrtle Wilson’s was the most the most superficial. Neither had true feelings for the other, they were just there to amuse themselves.

Financial Accounts The Assignment Liam O’Brady

Financial Accounts The Assignment Liam O’Brady owns a business selling musical instruments. The following trial balance has been extracted from the books of account at 31 October 2012. DrCr Bank balance19281 Capital balance as at 1 November 201161489 Carriage inwards480 Carriage outwards2110 Discounts664811 Drawings28650 Fixtures and fittings – at cost62200 Fixtures and fitting – provision for depreciation27990 General expenses7436 Insurance1158 Purchases and sales129745206543 Rent and rates10926 Returns375619 Inventory at 1 November 201148560Accounts receivable and payable1128516407 Wages and salaries29551 333140333140 Additional information: W ages owing to employees at the period end amounted to ? 830. The accountants invoice for preparing the full accounts is expected to be ? 720 Liam plays drums as a hobby. During the year, he took various items from the business for his own use. The items had a cost price of ? 1760 The landlord charges a total of ? 8000 pe r annum and the local authority levies rates at ? 2400 per annum. Included in Accounts Receivable is an invoiced amount of ? 207.This has been outstanding for almost 12 months, and Liam accepts that it will not be paid. He also anticipates that 5% of the Accounts Receivable balance might not be paid. He thinks that provision should be made for this now. Liam has recently discovered a small number of invoices which he paid for with his personal credit. Card. They total ? 642 and are mostly for materials used to repair the shop counter. Depreciation is to be provided on fixtures and fittings at 20% per annum using the straight line basis. During the year, Liam purchased a light van for ? 4200.This is to be included in the business and depreciation provided at 25% per annum using the reducing balance basis. Stocks as at 31 October 2012 According to the stock records as at 7 November 2012, the stock, valued at cost, came to ? 55630. During November sales of ? 3225 were recorded, as were purchases of ? 2300. The following matters also need to be taken into consideration: Eight classical guitars costing ? 220 each need to be repaired before they can be sold. It is expected that each guitar will cost ? 35 to repair and that they can then be sold for ? 260 each. Two drum kits, costing ? 00, would normally sell for ? 1200. They have been â€Å"on sale† at ? 1175 each for several months. It is decided to drop the sale price even further to ? 975 each and to re-skin some of the drums at a total cost of ? 130. According to the stock records, there are 27 recorders, with a value of ? 4 each. The stock-take revealed that there were only 22 recorders. G hjkjhlhljhjn Liam O’BradyRequired tasks Task 1 Review the additional information items and prepare the journals that will be required. Each journal is to include a brief description indicating why it is required. Task 2Stock is to be valued in accordance with accepted accounting practice. State what the standard practice is. Prepare a memorandum note for Liam O’Brady explaining any adjustments you propose to make to the stated stock value (? 55630). State the final stock value that you propose to use. Show any workings. Task 3 Using the information given above prepare the Income Statement (Trading, profit and loss account) for the year ended 31 October 2012 and Statement of Financial Position (Balance sheet) as at 31 October 2012 Task 4 Liam O’Brady has used a manual accounting system for several years.After meeting with fellow businessmen at a local Chamber of Commerce workshop, he is now thinking about computerising the accounts and sales control aspects of his record systems. He is asking for your comments / advice about the matter. After carrying out suitable research, you are to prepare a formal report for Mr O’Brady which identifies possible advantages and disadvantages of computerising the accounts function. You are not required to identify, or be familiar with, any particular accounting software package that is in the marketplace. SUBMISSION DATE:Thursday 14 January 2013

Comparison of Ddc and Lc Scheme - 1038 Words

INTRODUCTION Dewey decimal classification and Library of Congress Classification are the two most widely used classification schemes and both are very effective tools for organizing materials in public and academic libraries Singh (2011) states that the Dewey decimal classification scheme is a system of library classification that classifies all topics, knowledge and information into ten main classes numbered from 000 to 900, which together cover the entire world of knowledge. These ten classes are further divided into ten divisions which are also divided into ten sections. The system has value because of its well-defined categories, well-developed hierarchies, and rich network of relationships among topics, worldwide use, and†¦show more content†¦The list of subject headings used by the Library of Congress can also be used to supplement the indexes as class numbers are given with many of the headings. DDC, however has a relative index which provides references in alphabetical order to all subjects and terms appearing in the schedule. CONCLUSION While some librarians and other bibliophiles have a strong preference for either Dewey or the LOC system, many others concede that both systems have flaws and that libraries should follow practices that are best for their respective collections. Many public libraries, for example, continue to use Dewey while some academic libraries have made the switch to LOC to allow for greater specialization in identifying resources. Neither scheme is perfect, but advantages outweigh disadvantages. Both schemes have been used successfully for many years and benefit from good levels of support and regular revisions. REFERENCES Batley, S. (2005). Classification in Theory and Practice. England: Chandos Publishing. Singh, S. (2011). The Theory and Practice of the Dewey Decimal Classification System. Delhi: Isha Books.Show MoreRelatedComparison of Ddc and Lc Scheme1038 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION Dewey decimal classification and Library of Congress Classification are the two most widely used classification schemes and both are very effective tools for organizing materials in public and academic libraries Singh (2011) states that the Dewey decimal classification scheme is a system of library classification that classifies all topics, knowledge and information into ten main classes numbered from 000 to 900, which together cover the entire world of knowledge. These ten classes